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The year 2021 marked a monumental cinematic event for science fiction enthusiasts and Dune aficionados alike as director Denis Villeneuve took on the colossal task of bringing Frank Herbert’s epic novel, Dune, to life once again. It turns out Dune isn’t as ‘un-adaptable’ as it’s commonly said to be.
This revisit to the desolate sands of Arrakis not only bore the weight of expectations from die-hard fans of David Lynch’s 1984 adaptation but also introduced a new generation to the sprawling universe of the desert planet.
While both movies are based on the same source material, the interpretations made by the two directors are so different that they may as well be two unrelated movies. So, while we wait for the next Dune: Part Two, let’s revisit the differences between the 1984 and 2021 Dune.
1. A freakier Baron Harkonnen
In Dune (1984), Kenneth McMillan’s portrayal of Baron Harkonnen is a viscerally repugnant figure, with his grotesque appearance and a penchant for sadistic cruelty. Lynch’s adaptation remained faithful to Frank Herbert’s depiction of the character, even including unsettling scenes that stayed true to the source material. In stark contrast, Dune (2021) offers Stellan Skarsgård’s rendition of the Baron, a more cerebral and manipulative antagonist who operates in the shadows, shedding the overt brutality of his predecessor.
2. The absence of the Emperor
One of the significant divergences between the two adaptations lies in the portrayal of the Emperor. In Dune (1984), legendary actor Jose Ferrer played a prominent role, scheming to set House Atreides up for failure. Villeneuve’s vision in Dune (2021) chose to omit the Emperor (and Princess Irulan, while we’re on that note) as a visible character, redistributing his influence and intentions through other dialogues and interactions. This change underscores Villeneuve’s commitment to a narrative style that focuses more on subtle nuances and less on heavy exposition.
3. Mysterious sandworms
Sandworms are iconic creatures within the Dune universe, embodying the mystique and danger of Arrakis as forces-of-nature-revered-as-gods called Shai-Hulud. Lynch’s Dune (1984) showcased these colossal beasts prominently, with intricate practical effects and visual wizardry. In contrast, Dune (2021) keeps the sandworms hidden for most of the narrative, emphasizing their enigmatic presence. When finally revealed, these creatures take on a more formidable, teeth-filled appearance in line with Herbert’s original descriptions.
4. The enigma of the Weirding Way
The Weirding Way, a unique Bene Gesserit technique, is approached differently in the two adaptations. Lynch’s Dune (1984) transforms this concept into a sonic weapon, an intriguing departure from the source material. Villeneuve’s Dune (2021) subtly alludes to the Weirding Way but refrains from explicitly naming it. This creative choice allows room for interpretation and preserves the mysticism surrounding this mysterious skill.
5. Fewer internal monologues
A distinctive feature of Dune (1984) is its frequent use of internal monologues to provide insights into characters’ thoughts. While this approach serves to honor Frank Herbert’s intricate prose, it can be polarizing for viewers. In contrast, Dune (2021) relies less on these inner dialogues, allowing actors to convey emotions more organically. This alteration strikes a balance between faithfulness to the source material and cinematic storytelling.
6. Lady Jessica’s more active role
Lady Jessica’s role undergoes a remarkable transformation in Dune (2021). Francesca Annis’ portrayal in Dune (1984) remains more passive and is limited to a few key scenes. In contrast, Rebecca Ferguson’s Lady Jessica in Dune (2021) emerges as a central character, contributing significantly to Paul’s development as a hero. Villeneuve’s adaptation breathes life into her character, aligning more closely with Herbert’s vision of strong, influential female figures.
7. Feyd Rautha and Alia aren’t here…yet
The complex characters of Feyd Rautha and Alia Atreides, essential to the latter part of the Dune saga, are notably absent from Dune (2021). Sting’s flamboyant portrayal of Feyd and Alicia Witt’s depiction of Alia added depth to Lynch’s Dune (1984). Villeneuve’s choice to delay their introduction sets the stage for their anticipated arrival in Dune Part 2, where their roles will likely have a significant impact on the narrative.
8. A two-part, slow-simmering story
A fundamental difference between the two adaptations is their approach to storytelling. Lynch’s Dune (1984) condenses the narrative into a single film, resulting in a compressed, albeit ambitious, cinematic experience. Villeneuve, on the other hand, splits the story into two parts, offering more room for character development and intricate world-building. Dune (2021) captures the essence of the novel’s first half while leaving the rest to be unveiled in the sequel.
9. Making the Guild Navigators more alien
A visually striking scene involving a Guild Navigator is a memorable moment in Dune (1984). Lynch’s portrayal of this enigmatic character engaging with the Emperor and manipulating space-time is iconic. Surprisingly, Dune (2021) excludes this character entirely, showing only brief glimpses that make the navigators seem more alien to viewers.
10. A more stripped-down aesthetic
The stark visual contrast between the two adaptations is undeniable. Lynch’s Dune (1984) revels in ornate and opulent aesthetics with intricate matte paintings and elaborate costuming. This opulence contributes to the film’s distinct, if somewhat unsettling, charm. In contrast, Villeneuve’s Dune (2021) opts for a more minimalist, expansive approach, emphasizing the vastness of Arrakis, as well as the planet being its own character, and adopting state-of-the-art visual effects to craft its otherworldly landscapes.
11. A diverse cast
Dune (2021) brings a refreshing update to the cast’s diversity, aligning with contemporary inclusivity standards. Sharon Duncan-Brewster’s portrayal of Dr. Liet Kynes, a character originally portrayed by Max von Sydow in Dune (1984), exemplifies this change. Additionally, the casting of Chang Chen as Dr. Wellington Yueh brings the character closer to what Herbert originally described the doctor to be like.
12. Languages that make the universe feel bigger
Frank Herbert’s universe in the Dune series features various languages and dialects, creating a rich linguistic tapestry. Lynch’s Dune (1984) curiously opts for English exclusively, neglecting these linguistic nuances. In contrast, Dune (2021) embraces linguistic diversity, incorporating Mandarin, sign language, and other languages from the source material. This choice immerses viewers in a more authentic and immersive Dune universe.
If Dune is still a little too alien for you, here’s a look at all the Dune universe’s terms and worldbuilding details explained.